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这种被称为“失控”的异常自主飞行现象在采用 DJI Naza 飞行控制器的无人机(尤其是 DJI Phantom)中屡有报告。在失控期间,飞手会看到无人机自行飞走,且无法响应控制指令。在极少数情况下,无人机可以恢复正常控制。由于所报告案例的症状不尽相同,很难确定具体原因。制造商 DJI 对此问题一直不愿正面承认。

用户报告

PhantomPilots.com 的用户“Spork”发起了一项关于失控现象的调查。无论是否经历过失控,我们都鼓励 Phantom 和 Naza 的用户填写该调查。调查表请点击此处,调查结果可在此处查看。

图片

鉴于 39% 的调查回复确认其 Naza 飞行控制器曾至少出现过一次失控,期待 DJI 的官方回应是合情合理的。在该调查中,唯一的好消息来自 Naza-H 的所有者,他们未报告任何失控案例。

DJI 的回应

PhotographyBay.com 的记者 Eric Reagan 发布了他对失控现象的质询,该质询源于 2014 年 CES 期间的 DJI 问答环节。录制的回复已发布在 YouTube 上

遗憾的是,对于 Phantom 的所有者来说,DJI 对失控问题的回应是将责任归咎于用户未正确遵守说明。

失控分析

看到昂贵的设备无视你的指令并向随机方向飞去,是一种极大的挫败感。由于许多失控的无人机从此丢失,再也无法找回,因此任何失控的视频片段在诊断问题时都可能极其宝贵。来自飞行控制器的额外屏幕显示(OSD)视频叠加信息(例如 DJI iOSD 所提供的那些)对于传达失控时飞行控制器的内部信息具有参考价值。

在查看了 YouTube 上发布的几段失控视频后,似乎存在两种不同类型的失控。

抽水马桶效应

第一种是无人机进入一种类似于水流经排水口的异常飞行模式,请参阅此处此处。这可能是由于不正确的 IMU 信息导致无人机变得不稳定,且无法实现自我水平平衡。

返航功能

第二种情况是飞行控制器接收到错误的 GPS 信息,无论是在起飞记录初始位置时,还是在飞行过程中,这都会导致无人机误以为自己距离起飞点过远。在这两种情况下,无人机都会朝着目标直线飞行,请参阅此处此处

我们的推测

由于失控原因的证据尚无定论,我们只能对某些 Naza 飞行控制器出现这种异常行为的原因进行推测:

  1. GPS 故障 - 如果飞行控制器未被编程以丢弃垃圾 GPS 信息(例如更新的位置突然显示在数公里外),无人机可能会认为需要“返航”,从而导致它飞离用户。这并没有考虑到用户通过切换飞行模式退出 GPS 模式等强制控制输入。
  2. 组件故障 - 无人机是复杂的系统,电子制造难度很大;焊点可能会裂开导致连接功能不佳,组件也可能毫无预兆地发生故障。请查看维基百科上关于制造故障的“浴缸曲线”词条。
  3. 意外触发故障保护 - 故障保护设置可以通过 DJI 的软件进行更改。信号丢失和电池电量过低是两种最常见的故障保护设置。然而,除非与 GPS 故障同时发生(导致无人机误以为自己距离返航点很远),否则两者都不太可能直接导致失控。
  4. 电磁干扰 (EMI) - 速度控制器和电机等组件会产生显著的电磁干扰,可能会干扰指南针(磁力计)并可能影响 GPS 无线电。因此,磁力计被安置在起落架上,尽可能远离这些产生电磁干扰的组件。

David Hoyt

于04/09/10注册

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创作了563篇指南

5条评论

It's common to improve GPS performance on Phantoms by putting additional shielding over the GPS antenna, rerouting the GPS cable so that it goes behind the shielding instead of in front of it, and putting extra shielding around the cable itself. Some also replace the ceramic antenna with a better one. This is especially true of the Phantom 2 which has an internal wifi transmitter mounted just under the GPS antenna. There are plenty of videos on Youtube about doing this.

Marcus Bointon - 回复 分享

Hi, I have had two p2 both bought used. It was obvious that one was well used and I didn't check it properly. So I pulled it down and found the compass lead loose. In fact it had broken away from the board. On further investigation I believe that the landing sensors are part of the compass so landing became crashing. On the second one I opened it up and made sure all the fittings were together properly before I flew it. After several failures with DJI I have come to the conclusion that their only interest is making money and not interested in customer service unless it gets them more money. The drone industry has just become a huge money hungry greedy industry. Buy a drone and it will not be supported within two years. Following in Apples footsteps.

Dave - 回复 分享

My phantom 3 standard flew away yesterday, waiting to see what DJI says it was up very high but would not return home and continued on its path for over a mile until I lost all contact. I am hoping for the best from them after walking the swamps and woods and knocking on many many doors and talking to many people. I STRONLY suggest putting a separate gps locator on you drone just not worth what I have been threw. Also posted on CL neighborhood forums and making signs for neighborhoods within 5 miles of home. Was a great drone with great video quality.

Paul - 回复 分享

mine also had a fly a way it went up and stay in the air and did lost contact with contoler ?

after several minust batt empty and it came down no controled and crassed gimbal broken

return to home did not funtion :(

why?? and how does this happens?

it was flying at 15 meters and went up out its own and did not lissened to controler!

who has the sollution?

jd@comm-co.com

anonymous 2387 - 回复 分享

I use a phantom 3 professional. Today, I went through the normal set up process and everything seemed fine. All lights were green to go. But in this case, after take off, the drone ignored my commands to go forward and instead appeared to momentarily come out of GPS mode and into ATI mode (there was no notification of this, it was just the drone behaviour), even though the drone was no more than 3 meters away. Any ideas why this may have happened are appreciated.

Paul - 回复 分享

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