USB Not working after screen replacement

I assume the phone worked properly before you did the screen replacement.

Did you follow this guide? Of particular importance is Step 12. Notice how the screws are of different lengths? There is only 0.3mm difference between the short ones and the next closest.

If you mixed up those screws, you may have damaged the logic board. This is commonly called Long-Screw Damage.

This is what I fear in your case.

Of course, depending on if you used heat or not on the device to open (not necessary), there may be other logic board problems such as U2/Tristar (it communicates with the Lightning Port and "talks" with certified chargers).

So go back through the steps of the guide and let us know if everything was done properly. You will probably need to find an experienced micro-soldering repair shop to fix this.