对计算机主板进行故障排除
主板“就是”计算机的主要配件，因此主板故障的通常症状是系统完全死机。如果主板坏了，风扇，驱动器和其他外围设备可能会旋转，但是打开电源后，根本没有任何反应。没有蜂鸣声，没有灯光，没有风扇，什么也没有。
如果你认为主板坏了，请再考虑一下。导致系统死机的最可能原因是壁装插座上的保险丝或断路器烧断。如果您确定系统已接通电源并且刚安装了主板，则很可能是您忽略了连接电缆或发生了其他一些基本错误，而不是主板本身很坏，当然，这要假定主板已损坏。问题主板是高质量的产品。
不良主板何时变好
正因为如此，许多在线供应商已停止接受“不良”主板的退货。事实证明，退回的20块有缺陷的主板中大约有19块非常好。买家只是没有正确安装主板。即使这样，由于总体上更好的退货政策，许多升级者还是选择从大型商店或其他本地来源购买主板。实际上，有些人会通过在本地购买主板来解决系统问题，如果结果不是问题，则退还该主板。我们认为这是不道德的，但是正如任何供应商都会告诉您的那样，这是常见的做法。
名称中有什么？
大多数名牌主板，特别是英特尔和华硕制造的主板，质量都很高。廉价的主板（包括大多数消费级大众市场系统中使用的主板）的质量非常差。我们已经使用英特尔和华硕主板多年了。在装运的100块主板中，很少找到1个DOA。在装运100块便宜的主板中，找到一半或更多的DOA并不少见，并且许多剩余的DOA在安装后不久就会失效。
在工作系统中，高品质主板发生故障的原因很常见，除了雷击损坏（请参阅计算机电源和保护）或其他严重滥用外。特别是，与启动系统相反，主板在运行时发生故障几乎是闻所未闻的。出现故障的系统通常是由电源故障引起的，而不是由主板故障引起的，因此，对看似已损坏的主板进行故障排除的第一步是更换已知性能良好的电源。如果系统在使用已知良好的电源的情况下仍然完全没电，则很可能是主板有故障，必须更换。
主板部分失效的情况并不少见。例如，一个ATA接口或嵌入式视频，音频或LAN可能会停止工作，而其他主板功能似乎正常工作。可以解决这样的部分故障。例如，通过在BIOS设置中禁用失败的功能并安装扩展卡来替换失败的嵌入式功能。但是，我们建议你反对这种做法，因为主板的部分故障通常很快就会完全损坏。
配置CMOS
每次系统启动时，BIOS引导屏幕都会短暂出现。显示此屏幕时，按指定的键将运行CMOS设置程序，该程序位于固件中。 CMOS Setup（CMOS设置）用于配置BIOS和芯片组设置，其范围从日期和时间等显而易见的信息到内存时序和总线设置等晦涩难懂的信息。
[quote|format=featured]'美是肤浅的
一些主板用徽标初始屏幕代替了标准的BIOS引导屏幕。在徽标可见的情况下，按Escape键可在此类系统上显示标准的BIOS引导屏幕。[/ quote]
要调用CMOS设置程序，通常请按F1（AMI），Del（Award）或F2（Phoenix）。其它BIOS制造商使用不同的密钥，而某些系统和主板制造商将标准BIOS修改为使用另一个密钥。调用CMOS Setup的键几乎总是出现在BIOS引导屏幕上，但是如果您的BIOS引导屏幕没有显示或没有显示该键，请尝试使用Esc，Del，F1，F2，F10，Ctrl-Alt-S，或参考文档。
CMOS Setup的确切外观和可用选项取决于芯片组，BIOS的品牌和版本以及制造商对BIOS和CMOS Setup程序所做的更改。例如，两块主板可以使用相同的芯片组和BIOS，但是一块可以给用户完全自由的配置芯片组选项的权利，而另一块则允许用户仅访问某些设置并将硬接线值用于其他设置。
所有BIOS默认都有一组合理的设置，这些设置可以使系统启动并正常运行。除此之外，您还可以选择设置以根据需要配置系统并优化其性能。一些BIOS设置很明显，例如时间和日期，电源管理，启动顺序等。其他功能，尤其是那些分别作为高级设置和芯片组设置分开的功能，则显而易见。除非您已经了解问题，否则随附的简短帮助描述通常不会带来太大帮助。这里的主要规则是“如果您不了解设置的目的，请不要更改它”。
这很容易说出来，但它忽略了以下事实：接受晦涩难懂的选项的默认设置会导致PC的性能大大低于其潜力。 PC和主板制造商在选择默认设置（特别是那些针对内存计时的设置）上的“积极性”不同。那些趋向于更慢，更保守的默认设置的人说有道理，他们无法预测哪些组件，特别是用户将安装的内存速度和质量。选择保守的设置可以使他们确定主板至少可以运行，即使不是最佳运行也可以。那些比较激进的人通常是PC制造商，他们控制着特定的内存和已安装的其他组件，并假定用户希望获得最高的性能水平，并使用支持这些激进设置的组件。
查找详细的CMOS安装说明的第一位是计算机或主板随附的手册，或支持该产品的网页。一些制造商提供了有关常规CMOS设置和芯片组设置选项的详细说明，但许多制造商仅介绍基本的BIOS设置，而完全忽略了芯片组设置。如果您的手册如此，关于高级BIOS设置的最佳信息来源是Wim的BIOS（http://www.wimsbios.com）和Phil Croucher的“ BIOS伴侣”（http：//www.electrocution）。 com / biosc.htm）。
更新BIOS
在不更换母板的情况下升级系统时，使用的BIOS版本可能是一个重要的考虑因素。某些系统功能（例如，支持更快或更新的处理器，大硬盘，高速传输模式和AGP取决于BIOS），因此就地升级通常也需要BIOS升级。幸运的是，最近的系统使用闪存BIOS，只需下载更高版本的BIOS即可替换现有的BIOS，即可对其进行升级。
[quote | format = featured]不要抓住机会
升级系统BIOS时要格外小心。 “绝对”确保您应用的BIOS升级补丁是当前BIOS所需的“完全”补丁。应用错误的BIOS更新可能会使主板无法使用，而无法将其退回工厂进行维修。[/ quote]
更新BIOS所需的确切方法因主板制造商和型号而异。只需将更新的BIOS文件复制到软盘或CD并从中引导，即可更新某些主板。其他主板使用基于DOS的“刷机”程序，该程序从软盘运行并在执行时安装BIOS文件。英特尔母板支持英特尔Express BIOS更新，只需双击可执行文件即可从Windows内部更新BIOS。 （幸运的是，英特尔还提供了基于软盘的BIOS更新例程，运行Linux或其他非Windows操作系统的我们这些人可以用来更新BIOS。）
尽管第一次或第十次更新BIOS是一项令人生畏的操作，但是如果您按数字进行所有操作，BIOS更新通常通常会成功完成。但是，如果您不小心应用了错误的补丁程序，或者更新过程由于没有错误而失败，则PC最终将无法启动。如果发生这种情况，可能没有简单的恢复方法。根据BIOS，可以使用以下方法之一从失败的BIOS更新中恢复：
*一些主板具有双BIOS芯片。如果在更新过程中损坏了一个BIOS，则可以从另一个BIOS引导系统并重新刷新损坏的BIOS。
*英特尔主板具有一个跳线，可将主板配置为以下三种操作模式之一：正常，BIOS更新和恢复。要更新BIOS，您必须将该跳线设置为更新模式。如果更新由于某种原因失败，则可以将跳线重置到“ Recovery”（恢复）位置，这将使主板具有足够的智能来在引导时访问软盘并尝试从软盘加载BIOS更新。
[quote |format = featured]皮带和吊带
由于失败的BIOS更新可能会带来可怕的后果，因此，如果仅在进行更新时临时将系统连接到UPS，则切勿在未首先将系统连接至UPS的情况下更新BIOS。确实，有一次我们违反了该规则，在开始更新后大约五秒钟，指示灯闪烁。寄希望于PC不会崩溃（此更新是在更新完成之前屏幕保持空白的更新），我们坐在空白屏幕上呆了半个小时，然后才承认自己可能被杀了主板。双手合十时，我们关闭了系统电源，然后又重新启动，但是，正如预期的那样，它比图特国王更残酷。除非您的运气比我们的好，否则在刷新BIOS时请始终使用UPS。[/ quote]
” [有关计算机主板的更多信息”
30条评论
The solution to a wrong bios update is to remove the bios chip reprogram with the update and put it back into the motherboard socket.
luisaparente - 回复
how do you program it whilst it is removed.? Please reply on;trevermzbk@gmail.com
trevermsga - 回复
I would like to know how you reprogram the chip, too.
Kevin Meisenbacher - 回复
Same here
Will you Honor me with your knowledge?
@luisaparente
iorysrage - 回复
if it's serial flash chip, you'll need simple serial programmer (SPI programmer), or built one. it's simple, you'll need some discrete passive elements, like resistors and couple of diodes, and also a serial/ parallel port, or USB-to-Serial adaptor, just check your search engine for details. But if your BIOS chip is parallel programmed, then you'll need more sophisticated microcontroller based programmer and special socket (usually PLCC32) to put flash chip in it. You can distinguish flash type by leg count. If it has 8 legs (DIP-8 package), its serial, if more (like 32 in PLCC32 package), then it's parallel.
Arbeit Ainstein -
@Arbeit Ainstein Thank you for giving us a direction
iorysrage -
Hi....I'm having a problem with my Proline laptop, it starts normally and work for about 15 minutes then after that start beeping for 2 - 3 minutes then shuts down. What could be the problem? Please help
Lindokuhle - 回复
it could be overheating. get the cpu cooling fan etc cleaned and lubed.
mjb437 -
Power is nt gng to keyboard mouse monitor no beep Sound fans in cpu working when pc on keybaord light just flash once but after that no power I replace cmos batery also ram re install but no use plse help me
SATYA DURGA SEKHAR - 回复
I’m having this exact same problem currently. Any advice out there?
Jeffrey Herold -
What can be the problem if the motherbord goes on but there is no screen display if i put in an graphics card then still no screen pls reply on renierpatrickcloete@gmail.com
renier Cloete - 回复
My laptop won't stay on it flashes the boot image and just shuts off sometimes it'll boot up but it randomly shuts off when it starts working and won't stay on again sometimes getting windows 10 problems on boot up is this because of my motherboard? It seems perfectly fine i can't see anything wrong with it
Kuzo - 回复
i install a new HDD in my cpu but when install OS in my cpu then it throw a error that OS cant be deploy can u tell me what is the issue
lalit panda - 回复
Power supply was tested and found good! But there's no power when I try to power on the desktop. What might've gone wrong?
Clarence Mendez - 回复
I have been told I either have Motherboard beginning to fail - or a bios virus? Everything powers up but keyboard and mouse don’t work once past the bios. There are two hard drives - one soldered to the Motherboard which was the original boot drive and is not showing in the bios. The second one is fine. The second one has been wiped with parted magic (cant even use keyboard and mouse in parted magic). I can boot linux live but can’t install due to no functioning keyboard. Have used Kaspersky rescue disk via usb to virus scan and nothing found (used a usb mouse to do that). But it can’t virus scan the non showing disk because it’s not showing. So is this a sign of a damaged or failing Motherboard or possibly a virus on the non showing driving (boot virus?). I would try flashing the bios but am now concerned about transferring viruses via usb so have binned the usb stick and don’t want to keep binning usb sticks!
Jojo Run - 回复
Other things I’ve tried - opened it up, reseated keyboard and mouse cables (with antistatic wrist band on). Replaced keyboard with a different one from the same model laptop. Same issue. I bought this laptop second hand knowing the screen had gone (it was on but only partially displaying). Replaced the screen. Screen is fine. Just the keyboard and mouse not working now.
So is it - failing Motherboard, boot/bios virus, or possibly liquid damage to parts of Motherboard? I know that can make a screen and keyboard partly fail. But the fact the keyboard works in the bios is the strange bit.
Jojo Run - 回复
My laptop power is blinking I tried with removing battery but it's not getting on
Nisha Chidgal - 回复
I have bookmarked your blog, the articles are way better than other similar blogs.. thanks for a great blog! <a href="https://micropartsmi.com/pw116-235-watts...>PW116</a>
Beautiful Albania - 回复
my motherboard has failed am told to replace it can there be any other solution
Nancy Nyang'ara - 回复
My laptop will not charge or start up at all. Would the mother board cause this ? Tha
Mary Jane Burket - 回复
It is more likely the power supply, often a bad solder joint on the laptop connector (easy fix)
William Belanger -
My computer was left alone while unplugged during the night, and when I went to turn it on, poof, dead.
Tehc Studios - 回复
My pc does not turn on when i press the power button. I tried jumping the power supply with a paper clip and the power supply was spinning and lights were on. I put the 24pin on the mobo. Turned it on and nothing happened. Is my mobo dead? I dont know what to do.
Vhinz - 回复
If the motherboard in my ASUS Desktop is of good quality as I have read in your review, I must have won the lottery in defective ASUS motherboards with two motherboards failures. The ASUS service center replaced the first one about 18 months ago at great cost which failed again. No ownership was provided by the Service Centre or ASUS product team. Beware consumers that ASUS is using inferior parts however l charging premium prices. Look around and avoid using ASUS if you are expecting your motherboad to last 24 months or more. Regards from disgruntled user Anne
annelanders007 - 回复
I keep getting restart Ipv4
terryweissenbach - 回复
Please how exactly (the step by step process) does someone Troubleshoot a Motherboard to fix ASUS Beep codes?
richardchukwukajuwah - 回复
Mine failed about 6 months ago. I woke up in the morning after a normal night and the pc would boot before getting stuck into a boot loop if I remember correctly and I know the power supply is good because the usb ports in the back of the motherboard are powered so what's happened and how can I fix it because a replacement motherboard is like 100 pounds for a reputable source
Peter Bryer - 回复
I have removed the hard disk, bought a powered caddy, plugged into my 2nd laptop.
Can save my own data, and hope as now an external hard drive I can delete Windows system.
But how to re-install Windows from a disc? Cannot be done in situ as drivers not loaded sufficiently to recognise my DVD internal drive.
Can this be done as an external drive plugged into another laptop?
Old lady, nearly 80 yrs old. Vanwin
van win - 回复
Hi guys I don't know if this is the right place but need a motherboard repaired for a Kenmore washer can someone help me locate who can help me with this I would really appreciate this, Art , artfig99@gmail.com thanks
art figueroa - 回复
what is my charging light comes on but my system and laptop does not power on at all is it my PSU or my motherboard?
OOF - 回复