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如何使用万用表

简介

所有的维修人员都应该知道如何使用

万用表,它已经在无数人的手中测量了电子器件以及电路。根据以下步骤即可掌握三个万用表的基本功能。

第一部分: 测量电路通断

第一部分: 测量电压

第一部分: 测量电阻

你所需要的

  1. 如何使用万用表, 电路连通性测试: 步骤 1 中的图像 1，1

    • 电路连通性测试可以告诉我们两个元件之间的电路是否连通：如果两个元件直接是连通的，那么电流可以自由的从两个元件之间通过。

    • 如果电路不连通，这意味着在这个电路中的某一点断开了。这可能表示保险丝熔断或者元件虚焊。

    • 在电子设备维修中，电路连通性测试是经常用到的一种测试方式

    翻译

  2. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 2 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 2 中的图像 2，2

    • 开始之前，请确认你要测试的电路处于非工作状态。请先将设备关机，拔掉电源插头并且卸下电池。

    • 将黑色表笔插入您的万用表上标有COM字样的插孔

    • 将红色表笔插入您万用表上标有VΩmA字样的插孔

    翻译

    Why do we need to make sure that no current is running through the circuit?

    When there is another parallel branch with 24VDC power and 4-20mA output, the value of the resistance measured comes as zero. Whats the reason?

    Fraz - 回复

    The way that a meter measures resistance is by sending a small current across the probes and then measuring the resulting voltage. So, another current will disturb your digital multimeter's (DMM) reading.

    nicO -

  3. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 3 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 3 中的图像 2，2

    • 打开您的万用表，并且将拨盘转动到连通性测试模式（是一个看起来像声波的图标）

    • 不是所有的万用表都设计有连通性测试模式。如果您的万用表上没有，请不要紧张！跳至步骤6即可了解用另一种方式执行电路连通性测试

    翻译

    I want to search the resistance of gold and see if I have some

    Joel Stegner - 回复

    What does a sound wave look like?

    Greg Janssen - 回复

    Gold is highly conductive near zero resistance which is why they use it in conducters. Use "specific gravity" type tests or "mass spectromatry" type tests for elements.

    Sound looks like sine waves with various amplitudes and cycles per unit of time.

    MidnightWolf - 回复

  4. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 4 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 4 中的图像 2，2

    • 万用表通过其中一支表笔输出一个微小的电流，然后确认另外一支表笔是否接收到这个电流来测试电路的连通性

    • 如果电路连通——无论是电路确实连通，或者是将两支表笔相互碰触——测试用的电路部分是连通的。屏幕会显示一个0的值（或者接近于0），并且万用表会发出“哔”的响声。表示电路连通

    • 如果没有收到测试的电流，这表示电路不连通。屏幕将会显示1或者OL（OL: 开路）

    翻译

  5. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 5 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 5 中的图像 2，2

    • 要完成一次连通性测试，只要将两支表笔碰触需要测试的电路或者元器件两端即可

    • 如之前提到的一般，如果您要测试的电路是连通的，屏幕会显示一个0的值（或者接近于0），并且万用表会发出“哔”的响声。

    • 如果屏幕显示1或者OL（开路），那就表示这个电路不连通——这意味着电流无法从一端流至另一端

    • 电路通断是无方向性的，这意味着哪个表笔在哪端都不重要。 但是也有例外，例如，如果电路中有一个二极管。 一个二极管就像一个单向阀一样，意味着它将在一端会显示通，而在另一个方向则是“没有”。

    翻译

  6. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 6 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 6 中的图像 2，2

    • 如果您的万用表没有专门测试连通性的模式，您依然可以执行连通性测试。

    • 将拨盘转至最低档的电阻测试档

    • 电阻值表示为欧姆，符号为Ω

    翻译

  8. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 7 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 7 中的图像 2，2

    • 万用表通过其中一支表笔输出一个微小的电流，然后确认另外一支表笔收到了多少电流来确定阻值

    • 如果两支表笔之间是连通的——不论是通过电路连通或是直接触碰两支表笔——都表示测试的电路是连通的。屏幕会显示一个0的值（或者接近于0——在这只万用表上的值为0.8）。得到一个非常低的电阻值即表示该电路是连通的。

    • 如果电路不连通，这表示电路是开路。屏幕会显示1或者OL（开路）

    翻译

    You mentioned that if your meter screen displays 1 or OL

    But what happen if it shows other numbers

    Like 5.5 or somewhat?

    ddplc - 回复

    It means you have current flowing which would indicate a good path or circuit. Also means you have a power supply connected which I think was mentioned earlier in the article to disconnect all power supplied, as in a.c., d.c. Especially in a vehicle as running tests on computer module circuits with the vehicle battery connected can damage a computer module circuit..

    Henry DeVito - 回复

    I'm very pleased to have discovered these directions. Interestingly, I tried the two probes on different sections of a screwdriver – resistance showed very high. Is that possibly because of chrome coating on the screwdriver?

    James O'Neil - 回复

    May not be a chrome coating at all even if it looks like it. The screw drivers "resistence" is the result of what alloys are used in the shank of the screw driver ... ie ... tin, zinc, carbon, etc.

    MidnightWolf - 回复

  9. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 8 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 8 中的图像 2，2

    • 要完成一次连通性测试，只要将两支表笔碰触需要测试的电路或者元器件两端即可

    • 不必多想哪支表笔放在哪个位置，电路连通性测试不分极性

    • 如之前提到的一般，如果您要测试的电路是连通的，屏幕会显示一个0的值（或者接近于0）

    • 如果屏幕显示1或者OL（开路），那就表示这个电路不连通——这意味着电流无法从一端流至另一端

    翻译

    What does it mean when I first get 1 then the meter jumps to all kinds of numbers and there is no beeping?

    Choymae Huie - 回复

    Most likely you have bad contact with whatever you are measuring.

    MidnightWolf - 回复

  10. 如何使用万用表, 测试电压: 步骤 9 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表, 测试电压: 步骤 9 中的图像 2，2

    • 将黑色表笔插入您的万用表上标有 COM 字样的插孔

    • 将红色表笔插入您的万用表上标有 VΩmA 字样的插孔

    翻译

  11. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 10 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 10 中的图像 2，2

    • 打开您的万用表，然后将拨盘拨至直流电压档（图标为带下划线的V，或者为符号 ⎓）

    • 一般来说所有的市售电子设备都由直流电驱动运行。交流电——就是那种经过输电线路至您家中的——因为比直流电更危险，故不在本文讨论范围中

    • 大部分的万用表都不会自动调整量程，这意味着您需要将量程设置为适合您要测试的电压范围中

    • 量程的每个档位都有其能测试的最大电压。举例来说，如果您需要测试的电压大于2伏特并且小于20伏特，就选择20伏特的量程档位

    • 如果您不确定，请使用万用表的最大量程测试

    翻译

  12. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 11 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 11 中的图像 2，2

    • 将红色表笔触碰正极，黑色表笔触碰负极

    • 如果您的量程设置得太大，您可能无法得出一个准确的电压值。这里显示的电压为9伏特。这并不影响测量结果，不过我们可以使用更低的量程得到更为精确的电压度数

    • 如果您的量程设置得过低，万用表通常会显示1或者OL，表示过载或者超出量程。这并不会损坏万用表，不过您必须将拨盘拨至更高的量程

    翻译

  13. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 12 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 12 中的图像 2，2

    • 选择了正确的量程之后，我们得到了一个9.42伏特的电压读数

    • 反转表笔并不会有什么问题，万用表会给我们一个负的读数

    翻译

  14. 如何使用万用表, 测试电阻值: 步骤 13 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表, 测试电阻值: 步骤 13 中的图像 2，2

    • 开始之前，请确认你要测试的电路处于非工作状态。请先将设备关机，拔掉电源插头并且卸下所有电池。

    • 请注意这个测试出来的电阻值是整个回路的电阻值。如果您需要测试单一元器件例如电阻，请将该元器件拆下测试——不要在它仍在电路板上的时候测试

    • 将黑色表笔插入您的万用表上标有COM字样的插孔

    • 将红色表笔插入您万用表上标有VΩmA字样的插孔

    翻译

    Be careful when testing ohms on the circuit board, the best test is to remove the part so you are only testing the part not the circuit around the part. Transistors, resistors, caps need to be removed or at best one leg of the part. One time I had a burn open resistor, then I tested the resistor with my Ohms test I got some resistor reading. This was caused by back feed in the circuit.

    John E Reese - 回复

  15. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 14 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 14 中的图像 2，2

    • 打开您的万用表将拨盘拨至电阻值测试模式

    • 电阻值的单位为欧姆，符号为Ω

    • 大部分的万用表都不会自动调整量程，这意味着您需要将量程设置为适合您要测试的电阻值范围中

    翻译

  16. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 15 中的图像 1，2 如何使用万用表: 步骤 15 中的图像 2，2

    • 在两根表笔之间放入您想测试的电路或电子元件。

    • 表笔放置的位置正反无所谓，因为电阻没有方向。

    • 如果万用表的读书是0，那么说明测试区间设置过高。请将旋钮转向低一点的区间。

    • 如果设置的测试范围过低，万用表会显示1或者 OL，表明电路过载或者超过测试范围。此时万用表不会受到损伤，但是我们需要将万用表调到更高的测试区间。

    • 另一种可能性是待测电路或电子元件中间有断路导致电阻无限大。断路也会导致万用表在测试电阻时候显示1或者 OL。

    翻译

  17. 如何使用万用表: 步骤 16 中的图像 1，1

    • 随着万用表被设置到一个合适的区间，我们得到读数为1.04k欧姆。

    翻译
终点

1004等其他人完成本指南。

由衷感谢以下译者：

en zh

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Yuelong Gong

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Yuting Zhao

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和2其他...

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作者

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Jeff Suovanen

于08/06/13注册

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132条评论

EASy and helpful indeed

Trever Mazibuko - 回复

Thank you! Never find instructions so easy to follow.

kuruvar - 回复

Iwant to know hw to test caperstas

kapambwe sikazwe -

Great stuff!! Thank you.

warwick - 回复

Super guide, many thanks for posting!

Alan - 回复

Thank you. Very easy and good training

Badar Omar - 回复

Very helpful for beginners, thanks for these clear instructions!

AndyBlaser - 回复

great article. thanks

James Magenga - 回复

thank you !!! for this info!!!

Sufian Hamouda - 回复

i did not know i can do this.

jeez - 回复

Thanks a lot this is very clear and helpful!

dillinger0893 - 回复

Thanks Jeff. I just purchased a cheap mm. All instructions were in Chinese. Your help made sense of it all, so easy.

David Bennet - 回复

Iwant to knw hw to test power suply

kapambwe sikazwe - 回复

great, thank you for good description.

hzaim2001 - 回复

Brilliant thank you

Liam Breen - 回复

It takes an intelligent person to write simple instructions. BRAVO !

dave - 回复

It truly does.

Shane Blanchett -

so nice Bro...Thanks a lot...

akramul haque apollo - 回复

Love the resources on the Pro site.

Shane Blanchett - 回复

Very good instructions

Md Kamruzzaman - 回复

Nice guide.pl add some additional examples to have better understanding for beginners.Thank you

sugashankar - 回复

Nice guide. Pl add some additional practical examples. Thank you.

sugashankar - 回复

I'm doing exactly this and mine won't read any voltages, but it will read resistance. I've tested it with multiple batteries that I know work, but I only get a read of 0. What might be the problem?

Juan Partida - 回复

Very good lesson, helped a lot. Thankyou

mark cole - 回复

This is the best and easiest lesson on using multimeter. Thanks a lot!

Seong Lee - 回复

Thank you, Haven't used one of these is ages; this was a great refresher!

GON Compactor - 回复

thanks for a very easy tutorial, it is very helpful!

bonjie montaflor - 回复

The basics. Soooo important. Well done, short and concise.

chris teter - 回复

Nice and straightforward guide - thanks buddy.

Mel Gavin - 回复

Most helpful thank you!

jodianderson34 - 回复

Had multimeter for a couple years, never knew how to make it beep!

Mike Weatherl - 回复

Thank you for these great instructions. The instructions that came with the multimeter were not helpful for a beginner, and these really helped us diagnose our problem.

Roger Lemaster - 回复

Thank you for the great instructions. My question and the reason for my looking online for info on using a multimeter was to find out what the various resistance readings mean on a digital tester. I am checking out a defrosting element in my refrigerator and got a reading of 12 or 15 ohms. The information I was reading said a 15-100 ohms meant the element was OK, another book said if medium resistance was found it was OK.

By going online I was looking for the answer as to what is low, medium and/or high resistance ranges are.

I did enjoy your instructions, they were easy to understand.

JM - 回复

I have used a meter for a long time. Never had instructions so clear and easy to follow. Thank you very much.

The pictures are also very clear and helpful.

Rick Lewis - 回复

Beautifully put. I truly appreciate the lesson. I've learned something of impirtance. Thank you.

rickeybenn - 回复

it really useful for begginer

erwin torres - 回复

Thanks you for the lesson :)

Mark Diamond - 回复

Hi,

das ist wirklich sehr anschaulich aufgebaut und benutzerfreundlich, vielen Dank dafür!

Wer jetzt noch genau wissen möchte wie Multimeter funktionieren und worauf Sie beim Kauf achten sollte der kann gerne noch auf https://multimeter-tester.de schauen und weiter lesen.

Ich wünsche euch noch einen schönen Abend und einen bestmöglichen Start ins neue Jahr.

LG

multimeter_tester - 回复

Thanks you for the lesson :)

mrmannan05 - 回复

A great introduction for a beginner like me.

Joe - 回复

Hello . and thank you good read.

conrad - 回复

Easy to understand...thank you

chip - 回复

Thanks and had help me a lot

sinoncesar - 回复

Had help me a lot. Many Thanks

sinoncesar - 回复

Thanks, I think I've got it.

rama jama - 回复

Simple and precise. A life saver as I couldn't find the "manual" - one page sheet. Greatful!

rudy2828 - 回复

Wow I love this I can now read a resistor thanks keep on the good work

Adeyefa - 回复

Great stuff this was helpful.

joel7269 - 回复

Thanks , sometimes need too refresh with the basics.

Kurt Webster - 回复

It is very nice demostration

Lokesha - 回复

Sir can i get a book about basics of auto electrical and electronics or soft copy.

Lokesha - 回复

Very informative! Easy to understand.

David Flatt - 回复

Simple and easy thanks

kudakwashekatena - 回复

I have been searching a tutorial on getting started with trouble shooting an automotive parasitic draw. I have no background in different types of functions of a mmeter such as continuity, voltage, and resistance, your tutorial was a must have. It gave me an understanding of just the basic terminology of the more advanced tutorials. I give it a major thumbs up, excellent tutorial thanks a million !!!!!!

camotrucker87 - 回复

Easy to follow description. However, I am having trouble diagnosing a microwave diode. Seems I can't do that directly with a multimeter. Is that correct?

Rose - May 9, 2017

rakile - 回复

Thank you, the instructions that came with my multi meter were clear as mud. Your mini course was very clear and concise.

t_wellman - 回复

Thank you. This was very helpful to me. Very clear and easy to understand....

John Cascella - 回复

Thank you so much, it is so easy to understand the way you explain.

nodzgreat - 回复

thankyou very much.

keith - 回复

Thanks for supportive/useful post

Suman Ponmathan - 回复

Very Helpful.,thanks

Rey Mombay - 回复

Excellent please give us more of the same, primarily to help with understanding of the subject matter at a basic level.

mike payne - 回复

Excellent and elegantly simple guide.

Stewart Shackleton - 回复

Thanks you so much for this.For me as a beginner,I didn't find difficulties in reading this but its fruitful one.

Jhed Saldavia - 回复

It was just awsome.Before your tutorial it just was looked like some alien device to me and now I think it's having very simple working principle. I am now pretty confident to work with it. A very big thanks.

Biswarup Majumdar - 回复

Indeed awesome. Lots of thanks for such a generous sharing of knowledge. Be blessed

prince - 回复

very helpful,thanks

silvester - 回复

very simple and accurate

daniel - 回复

Awesome thanks.. I knew you could use this for a lot of things but not this much.

Lynn Comstock - 回复

I have a problem with my multimeter (Mastech MY74), the first thing I did was stupid, haven't read the user manual and tried it on a live socket and now it doesn't want to work. I have changed the fuses (600V, 0,4A and 10A), but it still doesn't work. Does anyone have an idea what else could have went wrong and how to test it?

Best regards

Rebius Noir - 回复

Very useful. I liked the statements like ‘this will not harm the multimeter but will show negative reading ‘. For non science folks like me, these questions crop up often so this guide takes away the anxieties.

Ninad Kajale - 回复

Nice article with great illustrations.

Apart from measuring DC voltage, resistance and continuity, they can also measure AC voltage, DC current, transistor and Diode checking, which I learnt from here https://circuitdigest.com/article/how-to...

merchan - 回复

Following the KISS method of instruction!

Very well done!

JD Stewart - 回复

marvellous explanation for a layman good luck& thanks

Ajmeet kaur - 回复

Excellent guide. Very well explained and easy to use.

Simon Watts - 回复

Dead easy. Very impressed.

Mark Sanders - 回复

What to say except that you are the best !!!

Samir - 回复

Good information. Thank

Masthan S - 回复

Thanks a lot. :) My fear with multimeter is gone now. I am able to measure with confidence.

Jaya Saxena - 回复

Can multimeters be used to measure salinity in water?

Ella Post - 回复

Jeff, thanks for your step by step multimeter guide. I have also written https://bestmultimeterreviews.org/ similar article in my blog. But, your article is much better than me.

Ciffakla Notam - 回复

Simple, easy to understand, well presented. Very helpful thanks.

Nicholas Topley - 回复

Literally helped me passed my physics test; thank you!

KATE HUT - 回复

Thank you very much !! Nicely explained and very easy to read with the pictures provided

larykir - 回复

Tanks very much….Its really

Austine Taiwo - 回复

you put a lot of effort in making this tutorial. I appreciate it.

hurshell - 回复

Thank you. Very clear and thorough.

Choymae Huie - 回复

Thank you for the helpful information, simple for novice to understand.

mark long - 回复

Very helpful :) Thank you.

john schulz - 回复

Very helpful… Thank you

Rhon - 回复

Very helpful, thanks.

Daniel - 回复

Cool keep up the good work and thanks

Pete Garcia - 回复

Great for beginners, thanks

Mark - 回复

thanks for a very easy tutorial, it is very helpful! pl add some additional examples to have better understanding for beginners.Thank you

sateesh

Challa. Sateesh - 回复

Thank u for the precise description,very very useful for beginners.

A MAZUMDER

Arunava Mazumder - 回复

thanku for guide!!!

sencotech khan - 回复

I studied multimeter in my 11th grade and since then, haven’t been around these things for a long time! I was glad to go through the above instructions and as my nephew has been studying physics as well, I was able to guide him through some subjects which really gave me a good day and made my nephew happy. Thanks a lot.

Charles Brown - 回复

thanks for this info.

daud john - 回复

Very good explained well. Thank you.

Colm Gibson - 回复

Exceptional directions and explanations for each step. Even an inexperienced user (such as myself) can understand and follow the instructions. So hard to find such detailed instructions for those that “want to be in the know”!! Kudos! You deserve 4+ Stars :)

Elaine Shapiro - 回复

We thank you for the information

zenyao masilela - 回复

I was always confused about electricity and how to test it but your instructions have given me a better understanding of it. I now have a place to go to for future reference. Thanks.

davidleithead - 回复

thanks for the lucid description of the three phases of testing an electronic item; good job!

Jayaraman Raju - 回复

An excellent guide. Thank you.

Kevin Dyck - 回复

Thanks, that's helpful to me

Congrats for showing us the best way use it

Abdul Ndove - 回复

Excellent guide Thank you!!!!

Hubulaoo kunafufafaaa - 回复

Easy and simple to understand!! Thank you

John - 回复

Show us the hard stuff like MX10 android box main board how to test thank u

alf - 回复

Well. .. thank you, this is awesome

protyp Kariba - 回复

thank you very much

Sisay alemayehu - 回复

Well done. You've explained it in detail and was completely understandable. Tm

Todd Martens - 回复

Good Content …………..Easy to Learn!

https://www.multimeter-uses-hindi.com

Shah Jahan - 回复

When testing a Tweeter the multimeter reads OL on the resistance scale. What does this mean?

walkad@internode.on.net - 回复

Very simple and easy to understand. Thank you very much for your help, now I can use a multimeter now.

Lala Hetman - 回复

Very informative ; Thank you ?

Abdus van harte - 回复

Thank you so much for making it so simple to follow. Because before I new what I was doing I got the all wires mixed up on my car battery. And I nearly melted my fingers to the wires. So thanks again c foley… craigfol659@gmail.com

Craig Foley - 回复

Very good explained! Thanks.

Ove Aarstad - 回复

easy to understand

Adriaan Cooke - 回复

Thanks for teaching me

mokatsi phalamotse - 回复

Thanks very helpful

Kenny Miller - 回复

Thanks. Very Helpful

Kenny Miller - 回复

Thank you so much easy and healpful

Goodluck Minja - 回复

Thank you! Great how to advice for a beginner!

bobtruck7140 - 回复

Knowing how to test continuity safely and quickly will both increase confidence near electronics — is that circuit LIVE? — and significantly decrease repair time.

nicO - 回复

Thanks for the very detailed guide, good content and quality pictures.

AC is not dangerous, even V's aren't. Everyone must get worried about A's.

Sadly, you didn't include how to measure A (amperage or current), which always causes troubles to measure, to learn and understand.

Nicolas Pascual - 回复

Hi how can I test a signal transmission through an ffc or fpc cable using a multimeter

silasbiwott74@gmail.com - 回复

That was a really clear and concise tutorial. Thanks.

Just one request. Could you do ones on other capabilities of a DMM, please? For example, measuring ampage, testing doids and LEDs.

Cheers Wal

William Robertson - 回复

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