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Why does my computer hang and reboot at random intervals?

My computer normally boots up correctly, but will then hang anywhere between a few seconds and about twenty minutes afterwards. Twenty five seconds after hanging, it reboots. It seems that the busier it is, the longer it takes to hang, and I suspect that the problem is temperature-dependent, but it is hard to tell.

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How much RAM do you have and what is your drive a HDD or SSD and what is its size and free space.

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I have 2+2=4GB of 1067MHz DDR3 ram, and 183.7GB free on a 250GB SATA disk (HDD). I am running El Capitan 10.11.6, and the processor is a 2.53GHz Intel Core 2 Duo.

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mine would shut down randomly as if I unplugged it. I found it could replicate the issue by doing a scan with my antivirus program (Bitdefender free). I reinstalled the program. Never figured out why it did that.

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You’ll need to create a bootable drive to run it properly. Clearly the shoe cobbler can’t fix your shoe while you are wearing them. That holds true here as well. Which is why you need to use a different drive to boot up under.

OK, How??

First you need a USB thumb drive (32GB) which you use Disk Utility to format with GUID and a journaled file system. Then go here How to get old versions of macOS to get the El Capitan OS installer and then run it to prep the USB drive. Or, follow this guide to setup the USB drive How to make a bootable OS X 10.11 El Capitan installer drive

The last step is making sure you’ve booted up under your external Use the Option key when you restart to get to the Startup Manager to select it.

Reference: Mac startup key combinations

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Thanks for your very helpful answer. I am having some difficulty doing what you suggest. My good Mac runs Big Sur, and will not install El Capitan on a thumb drive, whilst the sick Mac is probably too sick to do it successfully. I did buy a thumb drive specially, and tried to use Disk Utility to format it, but unfortunately it became unusable, and the shop refused to give me my money back. I have ordered another (of a different make) over the web, but it will take a few days to arrive. However, I am not hopeful.

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Hey David,
There are a few possibilities. I would try to diagnose it using another hard drive first. Hook up an external hard drive that has an OS and boot from it and see if the issue is resolved. If it is resolved, then its data related (hard drive, or hard drive cable, or OS, or a combination of these)

You can report back here and hopefully we will figure it out :)

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Thanks for your answer. I don’t have another hard drive with an OS on it, and I don’t see how to hook up to it anyway.

Are you thinking of something that would connect via a USB port? Or could I in principle use a CD/DVD in the optical drive?

How would the machine know that it is supposed to boot from a different disk? I have, incidentally, used Disk Doctor, quite a few times, and it always reports that the hard drive is OK, though, of course, it doesn’t check the data.

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Yes, you'll need an external bootable drive. The default settings will allow a bootable CD/DVD (marked original grey disk) to boot up or you can use the Startup command pressing the Option key

Reference: Mac startup key combinations

Sadly Disk Doctor won't test your drive properly you need to use Apples Disk Utility from the external drive

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Sorry. Disk doctor was a typo. It was actually Apple's Disk Utility that I used. Since I asked the question, I have reinstalled the OS, to no good effect. The problem persists. I didn't get a bootable CD/DVD with my computer, and with the exception of Safe Boot, the startup options using the Option key don't work.

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