Hi,
I don’t think that the TV will work anyway if you reconnect the old cable.
Can’t see it too well in the image your posted but the component that blew (between the blue MOV and link J840) is near the power switching mosfets QM801 & QM802
Why it blew is another problem.
It may be that one of the mosfets failed causing the other component to fail so spectacularly, but this is only a guess.
It is also strange that the main fuse near the power cord connection appears to be OK, although this needs to be proved with an Ohmmeter.
Since you state that you don’t have much experience with electronics the best option is to source a replacement power board. The power board schematic is available if you know someone who can fix it with the help of the circuit.
Check the number on the barcode sticker which is near the main fuse, near the power cord connection on the board and verify that part of it says BN44-00214A??? (can’t see much more but you may need the Rev. No. if it has one) then either search online for (insert BN number + Rev. No.) power board or you could just search for Samsung LE32A456C2D power board to find suppliers. If you try the 2nd way just make sure that the BN44 number is the same as your board or suitable for your exact model. The link is only to show what the part costs and also that it shows compatible TV models. There are other suppliers online that may suit you better.
Hopefully this is of some help.